Another 33,000 are in 8 Playbook bills still moving.
Active, passed, or enacted bills aligned with Playbook Options #1–3
Bills under the selected status, each twin pair once, Narrow Applicability bills excluded. Percentages are of the Playbook potential for each option in the states where a selected bill is aligned with that option; ADU-only homes are measured against the full Option #2 potential, as in the document.
Source: AEI Housing Center, aei.org/housing.
Summary of introduced bills from 12 states having total or partial alignment with AEI Housing Center Playbook Options 1-3. Total projected extra homes per year: 136,000 (assuming KISS followed and no poison pills).
Right most column shows the bill's percentage Playbook alignment with one or more options: Complete ≥ 100% | Substantial 51–99% | Moderate 15–50% | Weak < 15%. ✓ = bill passed. = Option #2 ADU-only, counted in ADUs.
| California | ✓ | Enacted | Option #2 | 48,000 ADUs | 52% | 36% |
| ✓ | Enacted | Option #2 | Bill not yet quantified | |||
| Idaho | ✓ poison pill | Enacted | Option #1 | 4,900 | 43% | 6,200 (79%) |
| ✓ poison pill | Enacted | Option #2 | 130 ADUs | 1% | 2,300 (6%) | |
| Kansas | ✓ poison pill | Enacted | Options #1-2 | 4,900 | 50% | 6,500 (75%) |
| Maine | ✓ | Enacted | Options #1-2 | 1,220 | 24% | 1,080 (113%) |
| Massachusetts | poison pill | Pending | Option #1 | 1,565 | 9% | 40% |
| Michigan | poison pill | Pending | Options #1-2 | 9,000 | 41% | 13,900 (65%) |
| Pending | Option #2 | 3,010 ADUs | 14% | 4,400 (68%) | ||
| poison pill | Pending | Option #2 | 790 | 4% | 4,400 (18%) | |
| New Jersey | poison pill | Pending | Option #2 | 4,120 ADUs | 19% | 29,400 (14%) |
| North Carolina | ✓ poison pill | Enacted | Options #2-3 | 3,478 | 5% | 15% |
| Ohio | poison pill | Pending | Option #1 | 8,200 | 29% | 15,700 (52%) |
| Pennsylvania | poison pill | Pending | Option #2 | 5,680 | 20% | 12,000 (47%) |
| Passed One Chamber | Option #2 | 959 ADUs | 3% | 12,000 (8%) | ||
| Virginia | ✓ poison pill | Enacted | Option #2 | 1,430 ADUs | 4% | 16,500 (9%) |
| Washington | ✓ | Enacted | Option #3 | 37,300 | 35% | 37,300 (100%) |
| ✓ poison pill | Enacted | Option #2 | 1,650 ADUs | 4% | 24,100 (7%) |
55 bills have at least one, 35 of them failed. The large figure is the share of the option's Playbook homes the bill loses, in the largest state with that kind.
Leaves out land by tract size, owner, home size or location.
of bus rapid transit and passenger rail stops
Applies only in places above, or below, a set size or density.
For municipalities with a population above 50,000 in counties with a population above 275,000
Shrinks minimum lots, but not to the Playbook's 1,200 sq.ft.
must not exceed 10,000 sq.ft. in lot size
Lets each locality decide whether, or where, the reform applies.
The bill does not specify exact zoning reform elements that jurisdictions must enact in their plans.
Caps each lot at two or four homes; the Playbook counts up to eight.
up to 5 dwelling units by right
Expires, or reaches only future zoning actions.
Provisions expire January 1, 2028, unless extended by the Legislature.
Requires a share of the new homes to be income-restricted.
30% of residential units in an enhanced transit village shall be affordable housing
Excuses places that already have a qualifying ordinance or district.
does not apply to a locality that adopted an ADU ordinance before January 1, 2026
Applies only where public water and sewer reach.
residential lots connected to public water and sewer
This tracker monitors state-level legislation that could increase housing supply by reforming local zoning regulations. The bills tracked here align with the AEI Housing Center's State Playbook, a comprehensive guide for state legislators to unlock housing production through targeted reforms.
The annual supply increase percentage compares projected new homes from proposed legislation to the average number of homes built per year in each state from 2010-2023 (according to American Community Survey data). For example, +107% means the legislation could more than double the state's typical annual housing production.
The AEI Housing Center Playbook identifies three state-level options to unlock new housing supply using small lots:
KISS (Keep It Short and Simple) reforms eliminate unnecessary complexity in the homebuilding process. These include:
Each bill is rated on how closely it aligns with the Playbook's recommended provisions, measured as a percentage of the Playbook option's projected homes:
* Housing supply projections depend on KISS implementation. “Poison pills” such as rent control, income requirements, and/or municipal discretion can reduce or eliminate benefits. Projections assume that bills with similar reforms are independent from one another. See the playbook for more detail.